Oral Presentation Time: 1400-1500

Venue: Fanling Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Richard Wing Cheung LUI, Senior Lecturer, Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Abstract

This presentation introduces the design and implementation of GPTutor, a Generative AI (GenAI) powered Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) developed at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU). GPTutor aims to enhance student learning experiences through personalised tutoring and interactive exploration. It helps students gain a deeper understanding of the course materials provided by their instructors. During the first phase of our implementation, we developed features for instructors to upload and manage their course content and to create learning scenarios based on the learning content. The system includes a conversational interface for students to ask questions and explore course content to deepen their understanding. As the answers are generated based on the instructor-uploaded content, GPTutor provides more factual responses, reduces hallucinations, and aligns better with the instructors’ intended learning outcomes (ILO). We will also share findings from our pilot study, which involved approximately 200 undergraduate and postgraduate students at PolyU. Finally, we will discuss our future plans for further development and enhancement of the platform.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: Innovative Technology-in-Education

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: I4, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Yanjie SONG, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong

– Mr Kaiyi WU, Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong

Abstract

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into educational settings is crucial for developing innovative teaching methods that enhance student learning. This study investigates the development and application of Learningverse, a 2D/3D metaverse platform that integrates digital humans with advanced Large Language Model Operations (LLMOps) to create AI teaching agents. Leveraging the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), we designed intelligent digital human teachers. These LLMOps system-constructed multi-agents, including Communication Encoder, Body Movement Coding Encoder, Eye Gaze Coding Encoder, and Expression Coding Encoder, provide personalized and strategic scaffolding to students, offering real-time feedback and support to improve their learning outcomes. Additionally, the platform utilizes GPT-SoVITS trained TTS to clone real teachers’ voices, enhancing the realism of digital human teachers. The platform can customize digital teachers and build scenarios based on different subject courses, adapting them to various thematic curricula. A pilot study evaluated the effectiveness of these digital teachers in enhancing student engagement and performance in Learningverse. Preliminary findings reveal a significant improvement in students’ interactions, motivation, and overall learning achievements. This research highlights the potential of LLMOps-integrated digital human teachers in transforming teaching practices and enriching educational experiences in the metaverse.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.2  Fund for Innovative Technology-in-Education (FITE)

Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800

Venue: B4, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Mr Frankie Tsz Ki FAN, Executive Officer, Talent and Education Development Office, City University of Hong Kong

Abstract

CityUHK launched the CityU Tiger Programme for nurturing the talents of tomorrow and transforming students into future global leaders. The Programme targets both newly-admitted undergraduate students with outstanding academic performance as well as high-achieving first-year students and have approximately 1,000 members in 2023/24. With constant guidance and support from faculty members, the Programme organised various tailored activities for these elite students, allowing them to navigate the challenges of the fast-changing world, cultivate their talents in their respective fields of study, contribute to their communities, and ultimately emerge as future leaders and change-makers.

Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration

Sub-theme: 2.4  Whole-Person Development

Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700

Venue: Peony Room, Lower Level II

Presenter(s)

– Dr Pui Pui Phoebe CHEUNG, Assistant Professor (Occupational Therapy), Academic Team, Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education

– Dr Anna Aracelly OLGUIN, Assistant Professor, Academic Team, Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education

Abstract

The United Nation Convention on the Rights of Child (UNCRC 1989) ensures the right of all children to have their basic needs taken care of, to be protected at all times, and to participate in decisions that will affect their lives. Unfortunately, millions of children around the world are deprived of these rights. As countries adopt, adapt, and uphold Child’s Rights and Protection protocols, there is a palpable need for information. Practices such as mandated reporting, enacted as law in some Western countries since the 1960’s, are now making their way to places in Hong Kong and teachers will be accountable to report. This presentation has dual objectives. One is to understand pre-service teachers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding child rights and protection pre and post course taking utilizing a co-design thinking approach. The second objective is to share information about a project aiming at co-constructing a culturally relevant Child’s Rights and Protection educational framework with parents who are Ethnic Minorities and/or parents of Special Education Needs children. From these perspectives, the knowledge and attitudes about child rights & protection among the preservice teachers and the voice of the caregivers are of immense importance towards the wellbeing of children in vulnerable populations.

Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration

Sub-theme: Whole-person Development & Diversity and Inclusion Education

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: J1, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Professor Jeanne TAN, Professor, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

– Dr Wing Chung WONG, Post-Doctoral Fellow, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Abstract

Talent development in innovation and technology is key to the sustainable development of a vibrant economy. STEM education plays a vital role in nurturing a globally competitive workforce for the future. Fostering STEM literacy at the early stages of education will equip students with the core knowledge and interdisciplinary skills for creative innovation and contributing to the future economy. Conventional education is often discipline-focused with a tendency to employ linear learning strategies which do not fully explore the knowledge opportunities present in the interdisciplinary STEM content. This often results in a skewed emphasis on technical content which young students may find difficult to contextualise in daily life. The reflective and adaptive nature of design may serve as an effective bridge to connect creativity and knowledge seeking in STEM domains (Toomey and Tan, 2018). A design-led STEM framework was adopted in two Quality Education Fund projects, reaching over 1000 secondary school students. These projects utilized fashion, artificial intelligence, and e-textiles as mediums to help students develop problem solving skills with real world applications.

Theme: 1: Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: L2, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Kenneth Chi-hang LO, Associate Division Head and Senior Lecturer, Division of Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

– Dr Anthony Wai-keung LOH, Division Head and Director of Hong Kong Community College, Division of Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,

Abstract

The learning and teaching of science and/or engineering subjects face a big challenge under the COVID-19 pandemic because all face-to-face laboratory works are suspended. Since laboratory works are essential and critical elements to science and engineering education. Teachers have tried other means to relief the effect by performing demonstration, simulation or virtual laboratory, such that experimental data can be collected for analysis afterwards. However, students commented that they cannot see and control the laboratory apparatus in “real” time. Besides, students are required to conduct experiments in a fixed schedule and usually the teaching and laboratory schedules are not synchronized, due to the limited laboratory equipment and space. Students are required to conduct the experiment before the teaching of the corresponding theory. This affects their learning experience and motivation. The proposed project aims to develop a web-based remote laboratory for science and engineering education to facilitate student independent learning and enhance their learning experience. The objectives of the project are to: (1) design the infrastructure and software specification of the remote laboratory system; (2) identify experimental sets that can be conducted remotely; (3) enhance student learning experience and engagement as “real time” operation of laboratory equipment individually or in a group at anytime and anywhere under safe and controlled environment; (4) reduce the initial investment on offering science and/or engineering programmes by other local institutions for a better development of the sector; (5) enhance collaboration between local and even overseas institutions by sharing experimental sets; (6) inspire the tertiary education sector to develop blended and online teaching modules for science and engineering subjects which required laboratory works.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Oral Presentation Time: 1400-1500

Venue: Peony Room, Lower Level II

Presenter(s)

– Dr Angela LI, Associate Professor, Division of Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College

– Dr Monica CHOW, Project Manager, Division of Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College

Abstract

Aiming to enhance the job-readiness of our students, an electronic teaching and learning kit for job-ready skill training (e-JR kit) is developed. This e-JR kit consists of three teaching modules that cover the topics of core skills needed for a paraprofessional job as a clinical assistant, including Module 1 Communication skills in the workplace, Module 2 safety and ethical issues in the workplace and Module 3 professional skills in the workplace. The regular industry involvement is a key feature of this e-JR kit project. Different industry stakeholders are continuously consulted, help with the design of real workplace scenarios, and give feedback on the effectiveness of the training. To accommodate the learning preferences of the current generation of students, the content of this e-JR kit is presented in bite-sized topics, such as case scenarios, short videos and small quizzes, and the design is highly visual and interactive. This well-designed kit will help students integrate their skills before employment, and to equip them with skills for a range of possible scenarios in the workplace. To promote the use of the e-JR kit, the completed kit will be shared with other local institutions and our industry partners in the pre-job training of their students and new staff.

Theme: 1: Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: K4, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Kin Yat LIU, Lecturer, Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abstract

“Correlation does not imply causation” is an important concept that is included in almost all introductory statistics courses. Comprehending this concept is crucial for students to grasp advanced statistical concepts like multivariate analysis, Simpson’s paradox, and causal inference. However, the intricacies of this principle are often not explored in depth. To address this, we employ simulated experiences and the use of Monte Carlo simulation to provide students with an understanding of the significance and fundamental nature of the idea that “correlation does not imply causation.”

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: L5, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Ms Janet Ching Man TSE, Assistant Programme Administrator, School of Continuing and Professional Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abstract

InternVision envisages to be an ingenious and resourceful Virtual Reality (VR) platform with interactive contents of real-life workplace simulations for enhancing practical skills and professional related concepts, reaction and decision making at a multitude of careers. Encompassing a series of VR simulations, the dual platforms of InternVision – a VR Head-Mounted Display System and a Mobile Application (app), will host internship scenarios for preparing and fostering the readiness of students of CUSCS full-time programmes at their future workplace. By integrating with the use of VR technology, InternVision enables students to gain exposure and understanding from an immersive environment where an array of tasks are assigned in each virtual simulation. Students can gain confidence and familiarity with a ‘re-try’ opportunity for self-reflection and get further improvement before the commencement of actual internship and future career. Appending with its mobile app, InternVision allows greater flexibility, convenience and user-friendliness for students of different disciplines to maneuver the VR simulations freely without time limit, to develop a deeper understanding of their roles related to their own profession and to achieve the intended learning outcomes. Self-learning materials and guidelines will also supplement the platform to support their internship training and experiential learning, especially at the recurrent waves of pandemic when internship arrangement may be affected. This presentation endeavours to share ideas on how InternVision can blend in and enrich internship preparation with a sample illustration and how it can enhance experience exchange by connecting students with internship supervisors and peer groups via technologies.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: L4, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Mr Kevin CHEUNG, Assistant Head of Academic Programmes (Full-time), School of Continuing and Professional Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abstract

The iLearn English mobile application, developed by School of Continuing and Professional Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUSCS) with QESS funding, is a sustainable mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) platform designed to enhance English proficiency among learners. Addressing the need for dynamic and engaging language learning tools, iLearn English incorporates daily reading, vocabulary, grammar exercises, and extended reading experiences to foster self-directed learning and sustain learner engagement. Research on student preferences and educational trends underscores a growing appetite for technology-enhanced learning. iLearn English meets this need by offering a personalised, accessible and multi-modal learning environment. Since its launch in February 2020, the app has logged over 10,000 users, affirming its success in enriching English language proficiency. The app has significantly improved learning experiences, fostering self-learning habits among users. Nearly 90% of students surveyed report satisfaction, noting enhanced language skills and increased motivation. iLearn English exemplifies a sustainable language education model through its diversity, flexibility, autonomy and connectedness. Moreover, it supports environmental sustainability by promoting technology integration in education. This initiative highlights the transformative potential of mobile applications in delivering accessible and efficient language learning solutions.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Oral Presentation Time: 1400-1500

Venue: Peony Room, Lower Level II

Presenter(s)

– Ms Carrie Ka Yee CHENG, Head of Academic Programmes (Full-time), School of Continuing and Professional Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abstract

Encompassing 20 Virtual Reality (VR) simulations across 15 academic disciplines for pre-internship training, InternVision – a dual platform of a VR head-mounted display system and a mobile application (app), is developed and launched for enhancing the work-readiness of all full-time students at School of Continuing and Professional Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUSCS). InternVision envisages to be an ingenious and resourceful platform with interactive contents of real-life workplace scenarios for elevating job competency, enhancing professional related concepts, reactions and decision making at internships, and thus formulating an insightful immersive experience for empowering learners to a multitude of careers. This oral presentation endeavours to share ideas and success factors on how InternVision is designed, constituted and operated in line with our expected high effectiveness and promising satisfaction. Via seamlessly integrating technologies at the VR system and appending with its user-friendly mobile app, InternVision brings forth greater flexibility, confidence and motivation for students to gear up for their internships and maneuver their learning more freely beyond time and location constraints. By visualising the simulations, a deeper understanding of their roles regarding their own profession can be yielded for further self-reflection, and hence achieving the intended learning outcomes. InternVision can be framed as a comprehensive and impactful solution for enhancing internship preparation and consolidating student success for a world of future profession.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: I3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Ms Winnie WONG, Educational Development Manager, Centre for Learning, Teaching and Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong

– Mr Vincent CHAN, Educational Development Assistant, Centre for Learning, Teaching and Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong

Abstract

Background and Objectives: This project aims to leverage the immersive capabilities of the metaverse to enhance data security and privacy awareness among students and staff at the Education University of Hong Kong. Develop a series of interactive and engaging educational materials to enhance the understanding of data security principles and data privacy policies. Design and implement a dynamic and user-friendly online platform (Metaverse Space) to host the educational materials, facilitating easy access and learning for target audiences. Methods and Findings: Within this metaverse-based platform, users are presented with practical scenarios that simulate real-world situations involving security-critical concepts. The educational virtual environment is strategically gamified to motivate users through rewarding challenges and progressive levels, bridging the gap between theory and practice. The dynamic simulation exercises allow participants to directly experience the impact of security failures and rehearse protective actions in a risk-free, controlled setting, nurturing applied skills alongside conceptual understanding. The survey results, based on responses from (n=20), indicate that the gamified metaverse prototype is both engaging and effective in teaching data security and privacy concepts. The interactive scenarios and simulations were particularly praised for their usefulness in understanding real-world data security issues. The navigation of the metaverse environment was generally considered easy. Overall, the positive responses suggest that the gamified metaverse is a valuable tool for learning data security, demonstrating its effectiveness in an educational context. Discussion and Perspectives: Leveraging Metaverses data security learning platform offers an innovative and immersive approach to addressing the limitations of traditional training methods, empowering users with comprehensive knowledge and applied skills to mitigate evolving cyber threats.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.2  Fund for Innovative Technology-in-Education (FITE)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: K3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Professor Apple Pui Yi CHUI, Research Assistant Professor, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abstract

Coral reef restoration is a rapidly growing public engagement by many marine scientists, citizen scientists, NGOs and the public worldwide prompted by the accelerating degradation of global coral reefs along with the associated losses in the key ecosystem services. The Coral Academy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong is a scientific research team led by Dr. Apple Chui, which aims to explore interventions to enhance coral resilience and develop effective coral restoration techniques in Hong Kong. Leveraging this knowledge and unique expertise, the Academy also dedicates efforts to environmental education programmes that cultivate ocean literacy among local communities. The Academy’s flagship programme, the School Coral Nursery Education Programme, is a hands-on stewardship initiative that engages students in coral restoration activities, connecting them to the conservation of these marine ecosystems. Additionally, the Academy organizes a range of engaging learning experiences aimed at increasing participants’ knowledge and awareness, empowering them to take actions in support of coral conservation. These efforts also foster partnerships between academia, government, and non-governmental organizations in Hong Kong. This poster will highlight examples of the experiential learning methods adopted by the Academy to promote ocean literacy and public stewardship for local coral conservation.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: L3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Dr Edmund Tai Ming WUT, Senior Lecturer, Division of Business and Hospitality Management, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Abstract

We aim to investigate factors affecting students’ intention to join blended learning courses in higher education sector using Community of Inquiry framework and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model was employed to develop a new research framework while constructs in the Community of Inquiry are Stimulus and constructs from UTAUT are considered as Organism and Response. A survey was conducted with undergraduate students in a Hong Kong higher institution. It was found that Teaching Presence (TP), Social Presence (SP) and Cognitive Presence (CP) were associated with performance expectancy, social influence and effort expectancy respectively. Performance expectancy and effort expectancy were associated with social influence. Social influence was associated with students’ attitude towards blended learning. Institution support was not related to the students’ attitude towards blended learning in the post-pandemic period. Attitude towards blended learning was associated with their behavioral intention to participate in blended learning. Online and offline tools could be adopted to improve the students’ acceptance towards the blended learning approach.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.4  Other UGC grants, Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)

Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800

Venue: B3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I

Presenter(s)

– Dr Xiang LI, Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic

– Dr Xiaoqin ZHU, Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic

– Dr Diya DOU, Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic

Abstract

Higher education programs often focus on disciplinary knowledge and professional skills, with cognitive skills given top priority. As a timely response to limited education for wellbeing and non-cognitive skills development, PolyU’s Leadership and Intra-personal Development Team developed four subjects, including Tomorrow’s Leaders, Promotion of Children and Adolescent Development, Service Leadership, and Service Leadership through Serving Children and Families with Special Needs to nurture students’ leadership, improve their wellbeing, and promote their whole person development. These subjects aim to nurture students to become ethical leaders of tomorrow and responsible citizens by adopting a holistic youth development approach based on cutting-edge theories and research on late adolescence and emerging adulthood, leadership development, and service-learning. To date, over 27,000 students have taken the four subjects. Different evaluation methods involving multiple stakeholders over time have demonstrated positive and significant impact of the four subjects on students’ wellbeing and holistic development. Positive feedback from students and recognition from the higher education community have contributed to these subjects receiving numerous prestigious awards, both internationally and locally. These include the UGC Teaching Award 2018 and the Gold Award in the Nurturing Wellbeing & Purpose category at the Wharton-QS Stars Reimagine Education Awards 2021.

Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration

Sub-theme: 2.4  Whole-Person Development

Poster Presentation Time: 1225-1400; 1500-1600

Venue: K1, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level 1

Presenter(s)

– Dr Laura ZHOU, Education Development Officer, Education Development Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

– Mr Leo WONG, Project Associate, Education Development Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Abstract

The flipped learning and teaching approach redefines the traditional classroom dynamic by swapping the order of direct instruction and homework activities. In a flipped classroom, students engage with instructional materials (such as videos, readings, or podcasts) outside of class, freeing up valuable in-class time for active learning, collaborative activities, and deeper understanding. In our quest to promote effective flipped learning and teaching practices, we conducted comprehensive interviews with experienced teaching staff at PolyU, who have successfully integrated this methodology into their course. Their valuable insights were collected and compiled into case studies, which were then disseminated to all teaching staff members through e-newsletters and experience sharing workshops. These teaching cases serve as compelling examples, showcasing the versatility and impact of flipped learning and teaching. They underscore the significance of adapting pedagogical methods to enhance student learning experiences. By shifting the locus of content consumption outside the classroom, educators empower students to actively engage with the material during face-to-face sessions, fostering a deeper understanding and more meaningful interactions.

Theme: 1: Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: 1.2  Fund for Innovative Technology-in-Education (FITE)

Oral Presentation Time: 1400-1500

Venue: Peony Room, Lower Level II

Presenter(s)

– Dr Peggy NG, Principal Lecturer, Division of Business and Hospitality Management, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Abstract

With the development of innovative technology, virtual reality (VR) has become very popular and accessible to the public. There has been growing evidence that VR can influence people and change their values and behaviors. VR encourages individuals, especially teenagers, to engage in a specific behavior, such as pro-environmental behavior (PEB). Pro-environmental behavior (PEB) allowed lowering the environmental harms deliberately and substantially enhancing the future harmony. Using Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) theory, the present study aims to examine the relationship between teenagers’ perceived values and pro-environmental behavioral intention in VR platforms. Students (N = 120) were invited to visit the VR lab for an immersive experience focused on carbon footprint. The results showed that hedonic value predicts pro-environmental intention, whereas altruistic value predicts awareness of responsibility of individuals. The findings of the study will contribute to both theoretical and practical contributions. From practical perspectives, integrating VR into sustainability education can enhance student engagement by providing immersive and interactive VR experiences. This innovative approach of teaching fosters students’ pro-environmental intention, raising awareness of personal responsibility in caring for the environment. By incorporating VR elements into programme development, higher education institutions can better equip students with the knowledge in sustainability to address future environmental challenges.

Theme: 1. Showcase Project Achievements

Sub-theme: Quality Education Fund (QEF), and Quality Enhancement Support Scheme (QESS)