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- College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University ×
- Hong Kong Baptist University ×
- The University of Hong Kong ×
- Lingnan University ×
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University ×
- Tung Wah College ×
- Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education ×
- 2. Thematic Exploration ×
- 1.1 Teaching Development and Language Enhancement Grant (TDLEG) ×
- 2.1 Community of Practice (CoP) ×
- 2.2 Diversity and Inclusion Education ×
- 2.3 Community Engaged Learning ×
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16 posts found
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Fanling Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Esther TONG, Principal Lecturer, Division Head, Divisions of Language and Communications, College of Professional Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Professor Roger CHAN, Division Head, Divisions of Social Sciences, Humanities and Design, College of Professional Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Abstract
Effective Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) praxis relies on the sustained efforts of members of the interdisciplinary community of practice in fostering shared aspirations in pedagogical improvement, developing awareness of a content-language link, sharing resources and practices, and co-constructing understanding of disciplinarity. Responding to the need to align higher education assessments with the real-world communication and professional requirements, faculty members across the College are summoned to redesign the assessments of language and disciplinary practices. While previous studies on integrated assessment of language and disciplinary content focus on the validity, reliability and teacher belief-practice dichotomy (Attar et. al, 2022; Lo & Leung, 2022; Otto, 2018), this paper explores the essence of successful Professional Communities of Practice (PCoP). Sustainable practices and challenges associated with co-designing integrated content and language assessments in business and social sciences disciplines will be explored. It positions CLIL assessment as a collaborative provision. The first part details the associated practices of a collaborative model in an adjunct English-across-the-curriculum project. The second part highlights the impactful dialogues within a social enterprise business idea pitching competition organised to foster interdisciplinary collaboration in a professional learning community. Recommendations for optimising collaboration and maximising the participatory impact of interdisciplinary communities of practice in higher education contexts will be shared.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community of Practice (CoP)
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: E2, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Grace NGAI, Head, Service-Learning and Leadership Office, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Stephen CHAN, Principal Project Fellow and Founding Head, Service-Learning and Leadership Office, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Perry LEE, Manager, Service-Learning and Leadership Office, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Angel LUO, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Shuheng LIN, Project Fellow, Service-Learning and Leadership Office, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Mr Kenneth LO, Senior Manager, Service-Learning and Leadership Office, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Abstract
In Hong Kong, internationalization is a key performance indicator for the higher education section in response to the policy goal of establishing the city as a regional education hub (University Grants Committee, 2017). Resources have been allocated to universities for various initiatives including the recruitment of international faculty and students, inter-institutional collaboration in research, and students’ overseas learning experiences. A document analysis study on 6 universities in Hong Kong showed a notable increase of institutional focus on internationalization, intercultural skills, culture, diversity, equality, and inclusion post-pandemic (Lai, 2022). Besides its contribution to global connectivity, knowledge exchange, and institutional development (Lane, 2014), internationalizing higher education is also important to prepare students for a globalized world (Egron-Polak, 2011). Given the increasing diversity within universities and societies, prioritizing the cultivation of students’ intercultural sensitivity (IS) has become essential as it enhances students’ academic and personal success and fosters harmony and development within communities. Different strategies have been implemented in higher education institutes to provide intercultural opportunities for students. These include student mobility programmes, including short and long-term immersive learning activities that bring students outside of their home country to study abroad. At the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, this includes international service-learning (ISL), with a university target of 50% of students having an ISL experience by 2027-28. In this poster presentation, we will study the impact of ISL on students’ intercultural sensitivity from multiple dimensions, including knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.3 Community Engaged Learning
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Oral Presentation Venue: Rose Room, Lower Level II
Poster Presentation Venue: E4, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Professor Joseph CHAN, Associate Director at Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, HKU Business School, The University of Hong Kong
– Dr Jing LI, Lecturer and BBA (International Business and Global Management) Deputy Programme Director, HKU Business School, The University of Hong Kong
Abstract
Teaching and learning for innovation and entrepreneurship requires equipping students with the necessary skills for cross-disciplinary innovation: conducting academic research for scientific advancement, designing projects to translate research into applications, and connecting these to the value-chain for market adoption and commercialization. This TDG project aims at the third area – to train students for the entrepreneurial ecosystem, particularly the Greater Bay Area. The project utilizes interactive learning methods from business interviews of guest speakers to case discussions, including direct communication with industry professionals, for first-hand knowledge and perspectives to deepen students’ understanding of innovation and business strategies. The curriculum is further enhanced through tailor-made videos featuring interviews with senior management, offering practical insights into strategies and operations. This project establishes a hub of applied studies covering a spectrum of industries, to serve as a valuable resource for larger innovation community audience. The core in this pedagogical methodology is to bring industry into the classroom, and vice versa. Online and offline activities foster community building and knowledge exchange within the innovation ecosystem, while students’ reflection encourages them to apply their learning in the GBA.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community Engaged Learning & Community of Practice (CoP)
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: D3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Kin WAN, Teaching Fellow, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Jeffrey LEUNG, Teaching Fellow, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Abstract
This study assesses an inter-professional training program aimed at improving the skills of optometry and education students in addressing the visual needs of children with special educational needs (SEN). Due to communication and behavioral challenges, SEN children are at a higher risk of having undetected visual problems, necessitating effective collaboration between optometrists and educators. The program included lectures, workshops, and practical vision screenings at special schools. Pre- and post-program surveys, using a Likert scale, measured participants’ understanding of SEN and confidence in managing visual issues in these children. Thirty-seven optometry and 21 education students participated in the study. Results showed a significant enhancement in the understanding of SEN characteristics and the importance of pediatric eye care (p < 0.001 and p < 0.023 respectively). Optometry students reported increased confidence in building rapport with SEN children, conducting eye exams, and making professional judgments (p ≤ 0.006). The findings suggest that inter-professional training can effectively improve the competence of future professionals in providing comprehensive eye care to SEN children, showcasing the benefits of collaborative educational approaches between healthcare and special education sectors.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.2 Diversity and Inclusion Education
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Oral Presentation Venue: Camomile Room, Lower Level II
Poster Presentation Venue: D2, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Ms Hong Ching CHAN, Senior Curriculum Development Officer, Centre for Advancement of Chinese Language Education and Research, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong
– Ms Hongyun DENG, Research Manager, Centre for Advancement of Chinese Language Education and Research, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong
Abstract
Empowering ethnic-minority students’ learning of writing is essential to students’ development in school and beyond. The advent of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has accelerated the transformation of education systems, providing new possibilities for addressing their challenges. Guided by the writing process theory, social constructivism, and self-regulated learning, this study proposes the WISE framework, comprising four key components: Write, Investigate, Synthesize, and Evaluate. It also reports on qualitative research, incorporating participant observation and content analysis, on WISE’s implementation among 10 ethnic-minority students in three primary schools in Hong Kong. The results suggest that this framework can systematically support students’ writing abilities in terms of 1) enriching vocabulary and language usage, 2) improving quality and depth of writing content, 3) enhancing writing structures and creativity, and 4) strengthening critical thinking.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Diversity and Inclusion Education
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Rose Room, Lower Level II
Presenter(s)
– Dr Hazel CHEN, Lecturer, Division of Languages and Communications, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Doreen TSE, Senior Lecturer, Division of Business and Hospitality Management, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Abstract
LCS4573 Teaching Primary School Students English as a Service-Learning Experience is a subject offered by the Division of Languages and Communication at CPCE PolyU in partnership with the New Home Association. Since Semester 1 of 2021, more than 50 students majoring in Language and Professional Communication have participated in the project, accumulating 6,000 service hours and benefiting over 350 primary school children and their families in Sham Shui Po and Tin Shui Wai in Hong Kong. The project involves English tutoring for P1-P3 children from underprivileged and new immigrant families. This presentation focuses on three areas of improvement achieved through the students’ enthusiastic contribution and involvement. Firstly, students’ English literacy and public speaking skills were enhanced as they became more aware of their own language level, grammar, lexicon, and pronunciation through content preparation. Secondly, students’ pedagogical innovation skills and confidence were developed as they explored new teaching methods. Thirdly, students gained an in-depth understanding of the education resources disparity in Hong Kong and formed emotional bonds with the children. This presentation will showcase LCS4573 as a prime example of community engagement learning and the positive impact it has had on CPCE students, the primary school children, and the local community.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community Engaged Learning & Community of Practice (CoP)
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Camomile Room, Lower Level II
Presenter(s)
– Dr Cissy LI, Head, Language Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University
Abstract
Based on the UN’s 2030 Framework, global citizenship education (GCE) aims to develop learners’ knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values necessary to become active and responsible global citizens (Reimers et al., 2016). In order to become a successful global citizen, learners need to be aware of the interconnectedness of the world, respectful of diversity, reflective of personal and others’ behaviors and their impact, and committed to sustainability. More importantly, they need to be willing to take action to make changes for a better world. This presentation will report on the implementation and outcomes of part of the project Nurturing Global Citizenship through English (NGCE) using Kolb’s experiential learning framework. GCE guided learning in the ESL classroom was complemented with abundant GCE opportunities outside the classroom, including global dialogues, field trips and poster-exhibitions. Findings from questionnaire surveys and focus group interviews indicate that students had a heightened awareness of global citizenship and perceived improvements in cognitive, socio-emotional and behavioral competencies, which are the three core domains in GCE identified by UNESCO (2015). The positive outcomes highlight the benefits of integrating GCE into the English language curriculum and fostering diversity, inclusion, and international learning.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Diversity and Inclusion Education
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Rose Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Thomas LEE, Associate Professor and Associate Head (Academic) Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Dr Hin Chung LAU, Senior Lecturer, Programme Leader (BSc), and Assistant Dean (Student Development) of Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Ms Jessie KAR, Instructor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Ms Rahat BATOOL, Student, Educational Development Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Mr Mitesh PATEL, Educational Development Officer, Educational Development Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
– Mr Leo CHON, Assistant Educational Development Officer II, Educational Development Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Abstract
Students in Hong Kong have generally been perceived as passive learners, with limited opportunities for active involvement in the development of educational experiences. Here, we would like to showcase the untapped potential of students as co-creators in subject development. By harnessing the power of Student-Staff Partnership (SSP), teachers can unlock the full potential of students, creating a dynamic and enriched learning environment that benefits both the students involved and future cohorts. This presentation explores a practical approach to harnessing the power of SSP in the co-creation of an international service-learning (SL) project. The teachers encountered difficulties in adapting original local SL project to overseas because of resources limitations. By inviting students who studied the same subject in the previous year, with outstanding performance into the decision-making processes for the next cohort, this model encourages students to contribute their unique insights and ideas in redesigning the SL project. With the students’ first-hand experience and thorough understanding of the subject’s intended learning outcomes, their contribution can make the subject more impactful and aligned with the needs of students. Not only does this approach benefit the teachers by providing a deeper understanding of student needs, but it also fosters students’ personal growth and leadership development.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community Engaged Learning & Community of Practice (CoP)
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: G1, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Yuk Ming TANG, Senior Lecturer, Department of Indusial and System Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Abstract
STEM education is essential in today’s curriculum even for university students. However, traditional classroom-based instruction methods often lack interactivity and tailored experiences that foster student engagement and comprehension. The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) generative chatbots has emerged as a transformative influence on the teaching and learning process. Despite this, limited research has explored the impact of advanced technology on STEM learning outcomes. This study explores the potential of employing VR and AI as tools to facilitate teaching to enhance students’ learning outcomes. 120 university students are involved in this study to examine the difference in learning outcomes by utilizing three instructional approaches for learning projectile motion: (1) a traditional didactic classroom, (2) a game-based VR metaverse, and (3) a game-based VR metaverse enriched with a generative chatbot-based pedagogical agent. The study prudently evaluated alterations in student motivation, cognitive benefit, and learning outcomes. Preliminary findings suggest that incorporating VR and AI into teaching considerably enhances student engagement and cognitive participation. This study demonstrates how the integration of VR with AI can elevate student engagement, comprehension, and skill acquisition in STEM education, paving the way for a more captivating and effective learning environment in the Edu-metaverse.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.1 Community of Practice (CoP)
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Fanling Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Professor Rick KWAN, Associate Dean (Programme) & Professor, School of Nursing, Tung Wah College
Abstract
In the professionalisation of healthcare services, many healthcare professions emerged. These healthcare professions become highly specialised to care for specific health issues, although their common goal is to promote human health. In the era of the increasing complexity of diseases and health issues, knowledge from a specific profession might not suffice to solve the complex health issues of humans. However, the knowledge generated from different healthcare professions may conflict. As a result, the healthcare plans including inputs from various healthcare professions lead to incongruent treatment practices. The derived conflicts jeopardize the health outcomes of people. Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when (learners) from two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable effective collaboration and health outcomes. IPE is a necessary step in preparing a “collaborative practice-ready” health workforce that is better prepared to respond to local health needs. Tung Wah College offers training for the second-largest number of healthcare professionals in Hong Kong, including nursing, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, radiotherapy, and medical laboratory science. These programmes are all accredited by the related professional regulating bodies in Hong Kong. However, interprofessional education is not a mandatory training requirement stipulated by these professional regulating bodies. Since 2023, TWC developed a Community of Practice of Healthcare Professional Health Education. We work closely together to share a common goal of strengthening interprofessional healthcare teamwork through integrated education across programmes.
Theme: 2: Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community of Practice (CoP)
Venue: Peony Room, Lower Level II
Presenter(s)
– Ms Nancy TING, Senior Lecturer, Early Childhood Education, Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education
– Ms Mary Ann HOOD, Senior Lecturer, Early Childhood Education, Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education
Abstract
The transition from kindergarten to primary school is an important time for children and parents. In addition, starting primary school is a significant milestone for children as the teaching and learning experiences, curriculum and classroom environment are markedly different to the kindergarten. For example, there are new rules and expectations to get used to. Coping well and adjusting to the changes is important and a successful start to primary school is associated with future learning success in school. The overall Kindergarten to Primary (K2P) project objective is to overcome stress brought by the K2P transition; provide a solid foundation for primary school stage and promote child readiness for school and school readiness for child and family. The project has four objectives that focus inter alia on the students, their parents, and in-service and pre-service teachers. This presentation will focus on objective 1 which is to equip students with a positive mindset and readiness for the new learning environment using a multi-step approach. This approach includes implementing lesson plans and home activities to develop and support children’s acquisition of 7 specific skillsets, namely Cognitive skills, Independent thinking, Collaborative learning, Empathetic thinking, Social-emotional skills/understanding challenges, Communication skills and Authority in learning.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Whole-person Development & Diversity and Inclusion Education
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: E1, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Bess Yue WANG, Senior Lecturer, Department of Journalism, School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University
– Dr Angela Dan WANG, Research Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism, School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University
Abstract
The proposed course equips students with cutting-edge skills in AI and cloud-based solutions to address real-world media management challenges faced by NGOs. Through a dynamic, experiential learning approach, students will become digitally competent, industry-ready, and socially responsible professionals. Partnering with the Institute of Endurance Science and Technology (IEST) and Huawei, the course offers a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between technological expertise and social impact. Students will gain hands-on experience by developing cloud-based solutions for IEST’s data management, publicity, and digital governance needs. The curriculum emphasizes: 1. Understanding NGO media challenges and translating them into practical cloud-based solutions. 2. Utilizing Huawei’s cloud infrastructure and receiving expert training from their engineers. 3. Developing a comprehensive cloud solution proposal addressing a real-world problem faced by IEST. Student competency will be assessed through a Huawei Cloud Practitioner certification exam and a final project proposal evaluated by industry experts and IEST. This ensures the learning experience is not only relevant but also potentially impactful, with successful proposals considered for adoption by IEST. This course exemplifies the power of technology in driving positive social change while providing students with invaluable skills for the future.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.3 Community Engaged Learning
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Rose Room, Lower Level II
Presenter(s)
– Dr Janet CHAN, Senior Lecturer, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
Abstract
Fifty undergraduate (UG) students from various faculties at HKU have been trained as Climate Ambassadors through the project titled “Partnering with Students in Climate Education: HKU Climate Ambassador.” This climate education initiative is supported by the HKU Teaching Development Grant and aims to empower UG students to co-create climate actions and make a meaningful impact on broader communities. The project commenced in February 2024. To enhance students’ understanding of climate issues and involve them as partners, ten postgraduates and alumni have been appointed as mentors. They provide engaging dialogues and guidance to the UG students in their climate action endeavors. Additionally, students receive training through team-building activities, field trips, and seminars conducted by climate experts. Subsequently, students form groups and develop their own climate actions, such as addressing food waste, promoting biodiversity, and exploring public attitudes towards waste recycling. These actions will be showcased in a student-led conference scheduled for mid-June 2024. Following the conference, 18 selected Climate Ambassadors will participate in a desert service-learning trip in mainland China in July 2024, supported by YMCA and the Teaching Development and Language Enhancement Grant 2022-25. During the seven-day stay in Tengger Desert, these 18 HKU Climate Ambassadors will play a crucial role as co-developers of the camp. They will be empowered to educate camp participants and local communities about climate change and waste reduction. Collaborating with camp participants, they will carry out climate-related services, engage in personal reflection, and create meaningful impact within their own circles and the wider community. These experiences will help our Climate Ambassadors develop essential soft skills, including problem-solving, communication, leadership, and teamwork. Moreover, this experiential learning opportunity will incorporate international, intercultural, and global dimensions, enabling our HKU students to cultivate a global outlook, global citizenship, cultural inclusiveness, and intercultural competence – all highly valued by employers in today’s workplace.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: Community Engaged Learning & Community of Practice (CoP)
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: L1, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
– Dr Joseph Yui-yip LAU, Interim Head of Student Affairs and Senior Lecturer, Division of Business and Hospitality Management, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Abstract
Strengthening diversity and inclusion education may foster Hong Kong to establish a regional education hub in the Asia Pacific region. To align with the dual objectives of internationalization and the integration of the Greater Bay Area, the admission policy and strategy have been fundamental changes in the past few decades. As expected, the student population is not only local students but also mainland students, ethics minorities, and other foreign students jointly enroll in the programme, participate in the student activities, and use the campus facilities for learning and social networking purposes. In response, the Student Affairs Office plays a crucial role in building diversity and inclusion education on the campus. This study aims to investigate the current context of the higher education sector, to identify the challenges of building diversity and inclusion education on campus, and to propose possible future trends of building diversity and inclusion education in the higher education sector in the forthcoming years.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.2 Diversity and Inclusion Education
Poster Presentation Time: 1500-1600; 1700-1800
Venue: E3, Tai Po-Shek-O Room, Lower Level I
Presenter(s)
– Dr Christelle NOT, Senior Lecturer, Department of Earth Sciences, The Unviersity of Hong Kong
Abstract
This study explored how the emotional framing of climate change messages (hope appeal vs. fear appeal) impacted students’ emotions and sense of efficacy towards addressing climate change. Prior research had focused on the persuasive effects of hope and fear appeals, but lacked investigation into how audience perceptions influence the interpretation of these messages. The quantitative results showed that the hope-appeal group experienced a significantly greater increase in self-efficacy and collective efficacy compared to the fear-appeal group. Qualitative analysis provided potential explanations – hope-appeal videos shifted students’ attention towards messages about effective mitigation actions, while fear-appeal videos directed focus to the negative consequences of climate change. Importantly, before the intervention, many students believed individual efforts were negligible compared to collective action. However, the hope-appeal’s emphasis on efficacy allowed students to recognize the value of their individual contributions, boosting their self-efficacy and collective efficacy. The findings suggest that communicating climate solutions with hope and gain-framed messages, rather than fear appeals, may be more effective in empowering younger generations to take meaningful action against climate change.
Theme: 2. Thematic Exploration
Sub-theme: 2.3 Community Engaged Learning
Oral Presentation Time: 1600-1700
Venue: Camomile Room, Lower Level II
Presenter(s)
– Dr Chloe Pui Yee SIU, Senior Lecturer, School of Graduate Studies and Institute of Policy Studies, Lingnan University
Abstract
Gerontechnology is a multidisciplinary field combining gerontology and technology, it comes matching technological environments to various facets of an ageing population. With the development of technologies, the HKSAR Government and different enterprises develop innovative products to cater for the needs of older adults and caregivers. It is arguably essential to develop opportunities and capabilities by creating a gerontechnology ecosystem with innovation to enable different stakeholders to effectively participate in gerontechnology and help Hong Kong society to overcome challenges related to population ageing. Since 2019, Lingnan University has been at the forefront of promoting gerontechnology through its “Gerontechnology and Smart Ageing in Place Project.” The project’s primary goal is to advocate for the use of gerontechnology in facilitating smart ageing and to support the development of social entrepreneurship in this field. Furthermore, it functions as an educational platform, offering training courses and workshops on various aspects of gerontechnology, including healthcare, dining, living, transport, exercising, and learning. An essential component of LU’s approach is its emphasis on the value co-creation process, as outlined by Kijima et al. (2014). This model comprises four phases: co-experience, co-definition, co-elevation, and co-development. It provides a framework for understanding how value is generated, exchanged, and transformed through the collaboration of diverse stakeholders. This process is crucial for fostering innovation and ultimately leading to sustainable solutions for smart ageing.